08GDNFL
litho-welded and composite structures, critical parts, which are requirements of high viscosity and sufficient strength, operating at temperatures from -60 to 350 ° C.
litho-welded and composite structures, critical parts, which are requirements of high viscosity and sufficient strength, operating at temperatures from -60 to 350 ° C.
| Standard | Fe, % | Si, % | Mn, % | Cu, % | Ni, % | V, % | P, % | C, % | S, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | Fe, % | Si, % | Mn, % | Cu, % | Ni, % | V, % | P, % | C, % | S, % |
| GOST 977-88 | 95.58–97.3 | 0.15–0.4 | 0.6–1 | 0.8–1.2 | 1.15–1.55 | < 0.1 | < 0.035 | < 0.1 | < 0.035 |
| Temperature, °C | $$E\cdot 10^{9}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$, $$K^{-1}$$ | $$\varkappa$$, $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ | $$\rho$$, $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ | $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$, $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ | $$R\cdot 10^{-6}$$, $$\Omega\cdot m$$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature, °C | $$E\cdot 10^{9}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$, $$K^{-1}$$ | $$\varkappa$$, $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ | $$\rho$$, $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ | $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$, $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ | $$R\cdot 10^{-6}$$, $$\Omega\cdot m$$ |
| 20 | 212 | 39 | 7850 | 0.223 | ||
| 100 | 206 | 10.3 | 39 | 0.483 | 0.275 | |
| 200 | 201 | 11.3 | 39 | 0.5 | 0.367 | |
| 300 | 189 | 12 | 39 | 0.517 | 0.487 | |
| 400 | 177 | 13 | 37 | 0.529 | 0.607 | |
| 500 | 167 | 13.6 | 35 | 0.554 | 0.753 | |
| 600 | 155 | 14.1 | 32 | 0.571 | 0.87 | |
| 700 | 137 | 14.4 | 30 | 0.613 | 1.065 | |
| 800 | 127 | 12.5 | 28 | 0.697 | 1.125 | |
| 900 | 13 | 27 | 0.693 | 1.15 |
| Rolling | Standard | Size, mm | Tension | Classifiers | $$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\sigma_{P}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\epsilon_L$$, % | $$\psi$$, % | $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$, $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rolling | Standard | Size, mm | Tension | Classifiers | $$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\sigma_{P}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\epsilon_L$$, % | $$\psi$$, % | $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$, $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ | Treatment |
| Castings | GOST 977-88 | < 100 | 441 | 343 | 18 | 30 | 491 | Normalization of 930-970 ° C, 590-650 ° C and Holidays |
| Standard | Description |
|---|---|
| Standard | Description |
| GOST 977-88 |
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
| $$E\cdot 10^{9}$$ | $$MPa$$ | Elastic modulus |
| $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$ | $$K^{-1}$$ | Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T) |
| $$\varkappa$$ | $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ | Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material) |
| $$\rho$$ | $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ | The density of the material |
| $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$ | $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ | The specific heat of the material (range 20°C–T) |
| $$R\cdot 10^{-6}$$ | $$\Omega\cdot m$$ | Electrical resistivity |
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
| $$\sigma _{U}$$ | $$MPa$$ | Ultimate tensile strength |
| $$\sigma_{P}$$ | $$MPa$$ | Proportionality limit |
| $$\epsilon_L$$ | % | Elongation at break (longitudinal) |
| $$\psi$$ | % | Reduction in cross section on fracture |
| $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$ | $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ | Impact toughness |
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
| no limits | Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment | |
| Boundedly welded | Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment | |
| Difficult to weld | For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing | |
| Not applicable for welded structures |