σU
MPa
σP
MPa
ϵL
ψ
KCU⋅103
Jm2

35GL

wheels, sprockets, gear rims, drums, pulleys, cross-arms, hubs, forks, lattice boom and other heavy duty excavator parts, bearing caps, pins.

Classification

Country	Section	Category
Country	Section	Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine	Steels and alloys for castings	Ordinary steel for castings

Chemical composition

Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	Mn, %	P, %	C, %	S, %
Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	Mn, %	P, %	C, %	S, %
GOST 977-88	97.52–98.3	0.2–0.4	1.2–1.6	< 0.04	0.3–0.4	< 0.04

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Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$ , $\frac{J}{m^2}$	Treatment
Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$ , $\frac{J}{m^2}$	Treatment
Castings	GOST 977-88	< 100			540	294	12	20	294	Normalization of 880-900 ° C, 600-650 ° C and Holidays
Castings	GOST 977-88				589	343	14	30	491	Tempering 850-860 ° C, 600-650 ° C and Holidays

Casting and technological parameters

linear shrinkage, %
linear shrinkage, %
2.2–2.4

Technological Properties

Weldability	Flake Susceptibility	Propensity to temper brittleness
Weldability	Flake Susceptibility	Propensity to temper brittleness
Boundedly welded	not sensitive	not inclined

Critical point temperatures

Ac₁, K	Ac₃(Ac_m), K
Ac₁, K	Ac₃(Ac_m), K
730	800

Heat Treatment Modes

Treatment
Treatment
Normalization 880 - 900 ° C, Release 600 - 650 ° C
Tempering 850 - 860 ° C, Release 600 - 650 ° C

Analogues

USA	Germany
USA	Germany
H15410	1.1167 (36Mn5)

Standards

Standard	Description
Standard	Description
GOST 977-88

Description of chemical elements

Element	Units of measurement	Description
Element	Units of measurement	Description
Fe	%	Iron
Si	%	Silicon
Mn	%	Manganese
P	%	Phosphorus
C	%	Carbon
S	%	Sulfur

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$\sigma _{U}$	$MPa$	Ultimate tensile strength
$\sigma_{P}$	$MPa$	Proportionality limit
$\epsilon_L$	%	Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$\psi$	%	Reduction in cross section on fracture
$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$	$\frac{J}{m^2}$	Impact toughness

Description of the casting and technological parameters

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
linear shrinkage	%	The difference between model dimensions and the model casting

Designation of types of weldability

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
no limits		Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment
Boundedly welded		Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment
Difficult to weld		For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing
Not applicable for welded structures

Description of temperatures of critical points

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Ac₁	K
Ac₃(Ac_m)	K