40

pipes, forgings, fasteners, shafts, wheels, rotors, flanges, gears, bushings for long-term and very long service at temperatures up to 425 degrees.

Classification

Country Section Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine Structural steel Carbonaceous quality structural steel

Chemical composition

Standard Fe, % Si, % Mn, % Cr, % Cu, % Ni, % As, % P, % C, % S, %
GOST 1050-88 97.375–98.96 0.17–0.37 0.5–0.8 < 0.25 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.08 < 0.035 0.37–0.45 < 0.04

Information on suppliers

Physical characteristics

Temperature, °C E\cdot 10^{9}, MPa \alpha\cdot 10^{6}, K^{-1} \varkappa, \frac{W}{m\cdot K} \rho, \frac{kg}{m^3} c\cdot 10^{-3}, \frac{J}{kg\cdot K} R\cdot 10^{-6}, \Omega\cdot m
20 213 51.5 7850 0.483 0.16
100 210 11.9 50.6 0.486 0.221
200 198 12.7 48.1 0.497 0.296
300 190 13.5 45.6 0.512 0.387
400 185 14.05 41.9 0.529 0.493
500 179 14.5 38.1 0.55 0.619
600 167 14.9 33.5 0.574 0.766
700 160 15.15 30 0.628 0.932
800 12.5 24.8 0.674 1.11
900 13.5 25.7 0.657 1.15
1000 14.5 26.9 0.653 1.18
1100 15.2 28 0.649 1.207
1200 15.8 29.5 0.649 1.23

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling Standard Size, mm Tension Classifiers \sigma _{U}, MPa \sigma_{P}, MPa \epsilon_L, % \psi, % Treatment
Sheet 4–14 heat-treated 510–660 21
Trumpet cold rolling 580 320 17 Normalization
Trumpet hot rolling 600 340 16
Round GOST 10702-78 calibrated 590 40 Annealing
Metal rolling GOST 1050-88 annealing 510 14 40
Metal rolling GOST 1050-88 cold-work 610 6 35
Metal rolling GOST 1050-88 < 80 570 335 19 45 Normalization
Tape cold-work 690–1030
Tape annealing 440–690 14
Tape 6–60 570 335 19 45 Normalization

Brinell hardness number

Rolling Standard Classifiers Value, HBW
Sheet heat-treated 0–0
Metal rolling GOST 1050-88 calibrated, cold-work 241
Metal rolling GOST 1050-88 hot rolling 217
Metal rolling GOST 1050-88 annealing, calibrated 197
Metal rolling GOST 1050-88 annealing, hot rolling 0–0

Technological Properties

Weldability Flake Susceptibility Propensity to temper brittleness
Boundedly welded not sensitive not inclined

Critical point temperatures

Ac1, K Ac3(Acm), K Ar3(Arcm), K Ar1, K
724 790 760 680

Analogues

USA Germany
G10420 1.1186 (C40E)

Standards

Standard Description
GOST 1050-88

Description of chemical elements

Element Units of measurement Description
Fe % Iron
Si % Silicon
Mn % Manganese
Cr % Chrome
Cu % Copper
Ni % Nickel
As % Arsenic
P % Phosphorus
C % Carbon
S % Sulfur

Description of physical characteristics

Parameter Units of measurement Description
E\cdot 10^{9} MPa Elastic modulus
\alpha\cdot 10^{6} K^{-1} Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T)
\varkappa \frac{W}{m\cdot K} Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material)
\rho \frac{kg}{m^3} The density of the material
c\cdot 10^{-3} \frac{J}{kg\cdot K} The specific heat of the material (range 20°C–T)
R\cdot 10^{-6} \Omega\cdot m Electrical resistivity

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter Units of measurement Description
\sigma _{U} MPa Ultimate tensile strength
\sigma_{P} MPa Proportionality limit
\epsilon_L % Elongation at break (longitudinal)
\psi % Reduction in cross section on fracture

Designation of types of weldability

Parameter Units of measurement Description
no limits Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment
Boundedly welded Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment
Difficult to weld For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing
Not applicable for welded structures

Description of temperatures of critical points

Parameter Units of measurement Description
Ac1 K
Ac3(Acm) K
Ar3(Arcm) K
Ar1 K