1.0345 (P235GH)

Classification

Country Section Category
Germany Non-alloy Steels Steels with Average C < 0,12% or Rm < 400 MPa

Chemical composition

Standard Fe, % Si, % Mn, % Cr, % Ti, % Cu, % Ni, % V, % Al, % P, % C, % S, % Nb, % Mo, % N, %
EN 10028-2 97.168–99.4 < 0.35 0.6–1.2 < 0.3 < 0.03 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.025 < 0.16 < 0.015 < 0.02 < 0.08 < 0.012

Information on suppliers

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling Standard Size, mm Tension Classifiers $$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\sigma_{Y}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\epsilon_L$$, % $$KV_{L}$$, $$J$$ $$KV_{T}$$, $$J$$ Treatment
< 100 normalization 360–480 24–25 27
100–150 normalization 350–480 185
150–250 normalization 340–480 170
< 16 normalization 235
16–40 normalization 225
40–60 normalization 215
60–100 normalization 200
28

Properties

Property
According to EN 10028-2 +N note: Normalization: 890 - 950°C
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > 235 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: 360 - 480 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: < 16 mm ; elongation: > 24 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: < 16 mm ; Work strike KV at 20°C [68°F]: > 40 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: < 16 mm ; Work strike KV at 0°C [32°F]: > 34 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: < 16 mm ; Work strike KV at -20°C [-4°F]: > 27 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > 225 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: 360 - 480 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; elongation: > 24 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; Work strike KV at 20°C [68°F]: > 40 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; Work strike KV at 0°C [32°F]: > 34 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; Work strike KV at -20°C [-4°F]: > 27 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > 215 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: 360 - 480 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; elongation: > 24 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 40 - 60mm ; Work strike KV at 20°C [68°F]: > 40 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 40 - 60mm ; Work strike KV at 0°C [32°F]: > 34 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 40 - 60mm ; Work strike KV at -20°C [-4°F]: > 27 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > 200 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: 360 - 480 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; elongation: > 24 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; Work strike KV at 20°C [68°F]: > 40 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; Work strike KV at 0°C [32°F]: > 34 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; Work strike KV at -20°C [-4°F]: > 27 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > 185 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; tensile strength: 350 - 480 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; elongation: > 24 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; Work strike KV at 20°C [68°F]: > 40 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; Work strike KV at 0°C [32°F]: > 34 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; Work strike KV at -20°C [-4°F]: > 27 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 150 - 200 mm ; yield strength: > 170 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 150 - 200 mm ; tensile strength: 340 to 480 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 150 - 200 mm ; elongation: > 24 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 150 - 200 mm ; Work strike KV at 20°C [68°F]: > 40 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 150 - 200 mm ; Work strike KV at 0°C [32°F]: > 34 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Thickness: 150 - 200 mm ; Work strike KV at -20°C [-4°F]: > 27 j
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class I Ratio of length of cracks (CLR): < 5 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class I thickness Ratio cracks (CTR): < 1.5 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class I Coefficient of sensitivity to cracking (CSR): < 0.5 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class II Ratio of the length of the cracks (CLR): < 10 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class II Ratio of the thickness of the cracks (CTR): < 3 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class II Ratio of the sensitivity to cracking (CSR): < 1 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class III Ratio of length of cracks (CLR): < 15 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class III thickness Ratio cracks (CTR): < 5 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test for hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) Class III Ratio of the sensitivity to cracking (CSR): < 2 %
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 50°C Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > 227 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 50°C Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 218
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 50°C Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 208
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 50°C Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 193
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 50°C Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > 179 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 50°C Thickness: > 150 mm ; yield strength: > 164 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 100°C Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > 214 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 100°C Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > 205 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 100°C Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 196
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 100°C Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 182
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 100°C Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 168
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 100°C Thickness: > 150 mm ; yield strength: > 155 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 150°C Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 198
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 150°C Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > 190 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 150°C Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 181
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 150°C Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > 169 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 150°C Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > 156 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 150°C Thickness: > 150 mm ; yield strength: > 143 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 200°C Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 182
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 200°C Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 174
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 200°C Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > 167 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 200°C Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > 155 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 200°C Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > 143 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 200°C Thickness: > 150 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 132
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 250°C Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > 167 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 250°C Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > 160 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 250°C Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 153
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 250°C Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > 142 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 250°C Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > 131 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 250°C Thickness: > 150 mm ; yield strength: > 121 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 300°C Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 153
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 300°C Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > 147 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 300°C Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > 140 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 300°C Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 139
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 300°C Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > 121 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 300°C Thickness: > 150 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 111
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 350°C Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > 142 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 350°C Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > 136 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 350°C Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > 130 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 350°C Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > 121 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 350°C Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 112
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 350°C Thickness: > 150 mm ; yield strength: > 103 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 400°C Thickness: < 16 mm ; yield strength: > 133 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 400°C Thickness: 16 - 40 mm ; yield strength: > 128 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 400°C Thickness: 40 - 60 mm ; yield strength: > MPa 122
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 400°C Thickness: 60 - 100 mm ; yield strength: > 114 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 400°C Thickness: 100 - 150 mm ; yield strength: > 105 MPa
According to EN 10028-2 +N Test at elevated temperature test Temperature 400°C Thickness: > 150 mm ; yield strength: > 97 MPa
Weldability ISO 15608 Group 1.1
The weldability of ASME section IX welding P-Number: 1
The weldability of ASME section IX welding Group: 1
The weldability of ASME section IX Brazing P-Number: 101
Weldability In ISO/TR 20172 Group: 1.1
Density: 7.84 g/cm3

Analogues

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12K P 235 TR 1 P235GH

Standards

Description of chemical elements

Element Units of measurement Description
Fe % Iron
Si % Silicon
Mn % Manganese
Cr % Chrome
Ti % Titan
Cu % Copper
Ni % Nickel
V % Vanadium
Al % Aluminium
P % Phosphorus
C % Carbon
S % Sulfur
Nb % Niobium
Mo % Molybdenum
N % Nitrogen

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter Units of measurement Description
$$\sigma_{Y}$$ $$MPa$$ Yield strength
$$\sigma _{U}$$ $$MPa$$ Ultimate tensile strength
$$\epsilon_L$$ % Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$$KV_{L}$$ $$J$$ Impact energy (longitudinal)
$$KV_{T}$$ $$J$$ Impact energy (transverse)