12DN2FL

litho-welded and composite structures responsible loaded parts, which are requirements of sufficient strength and toughness, operating under the influence of static and dynamic loads at temperatures up to 400 ° C.

Classification

Country Section Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine Steels and alloys for castings Ordinary steel for castings

Chemical composition

Standard Fe, % Si, % Mn, % Cu, % Ni, % V, % P, % C, % S, %
GOST 977-88 94.62–96.24 0.2–0.4 0.4–0.9 1.2–1.5 1.8–2.2 0.08–0.15 < 0.035 0.08–0.16 < 0.035

Information on suppliers

Physical characteristics

Temperature, °C $$E\cdot 10^{9}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$, $$K^{-1}$$ $$\varkappa$$, $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ $$\rho$$, $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$, $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ $$R\cdot 10^{-6}$$, $$\Omega\cdot m$$
20 211 37 7860 0.21
100 206 11.5 38 0.487 0.268
200 196 12.3 38 0.504 0.339
300 189 12.9 38 0.517 0.426
400 181 13.1 37 0.529 0.545
500 174 13.7 34 0.559 0.641
600 155 14.2 32 0.575 0.787
700 135 14.1 29 0.617 0.939
800 127 10.8 27 0.689 1.109
900 12.6 27 0.685 1.158

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling Standard Size, mm Tension Classifiers $$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\sigma_{P}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\epsilon_L$$, % $$\psi$$, % $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$, $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ Treatment
Castings GOST 977-88 < 100 638 540 12 20 294 Normalization of 910-930 ° C, 530-580 ° C and Holidays
Castings GOST 977-88 785 638 12 25 392 Final processing - Tempering 890-910 ° C, 560-600 ° C Vacation

Brinell hardness number

Rolling Standard Classifiers Value, HBW
Alloy 170–229

Casting and technological parameters

linear shrinkage, %
1.9

Technological Properties

Weldability
no limits

Heat Treatment Modes

Treatment
Normalization 910 - 930 ° C, Release 530 - 560 ° C or Preprocessing - Normalization 940 - 950 ° C
Final processing - Hardening 890 - 910 ° C, Release 560 - 600 ° C

Standards

Standard Description
GOST 977-88

Description of chemical elements

Element Units of measurement Description
Fe % Iron
Si % Silicon
Mn % Manganese
Cu % Copper
Ni % Nickel
V % Vanadium
P % Phosphorus
C % Carbon
S % Sulfur

Description of physical characteristics

Parameter Units of measurement Description
$$E\cdot 10^{9}$$ $$MPa$$ Elastic modulus
$$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$ $$K^{-1}$$ Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T)
$$\varkappa$$ $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material)
$$\rho$$ $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ The density of the material
$$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$ $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ The specific heat of the material (range 20°C–T)
$$R\cdot 10^{-6}$$ $$\Omega\cdot m$$ Electrical resistivity

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter Units of measurement Description
$$\sigma _{U}$$ $$MPa$$ Ultimate tensile strength
$$\sigma_{P}$$ $$MPa$$ Proportionality limit
$$\epsilon_L$$ % Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$$\psi$$ % Reduction in cross section on fracture
$$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$ $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ Impact toughness

Description of the casting and technological parameters

Parameter Units of measurement Description
linear shrinkage % The difference between model dimensions and the model casting

Designation of types of weldability

Parameter Units of measurement Description
no limits Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment
Boundedly welded Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment
Difficult to weld For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing
Not applicable for welded structures