15HM
Shafts, gears, axles, bolts, connecting rods, etc.
Billets, forgings, tubes for superheaters, steam lines, sewers, plumbing, long operating at temperatures up to 500 degrees.
Classification
| Country |
Section |
Category |
| CIS, Russia, Ukraine |
Heat resistant steels and alloys |
Heat resistant low alloy steel |
Chemical composition
| Standard |
Fe, % |
Si, % |
Mn, % |
Cr, % |
Cu, % |
Ni, % |
P, % |
C, % |
S, % |
Mo, % |
|---|
| GOST 4543-71 |
96.43–98.12 |
0.17–0.37 |
0.4–0.7 |
0.8–1.1 |
< 0.3 |
< 0.3 |
< 0.035 |
0.11–0.18 |
< 0.035 |
0.4–0.55 |
Information on suppliers
Physical characteristics
| Temperature, °C |
$$E\cdot 10^{9}$$, $$MPa$$ |
$$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$, $$K^{-1}$$ |
$$\varkappa$$, $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ |
$$\rho$$, $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ |
$$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$, $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ |
|---|
| 20 |
205 |
|
|
7850 |
|
| 100 |
|
12.2 |
44 |
7830 |
0.487 |
| 200 |
|
13 |
41 |
7800 |
|
| 300 |
|
13.3 |
41 |
7760 |
|
| 400 |
|
13.7 |
39 |
7730 |
|
| 450 |
172 |
|
|
|
|
| 500 |
|
14 |
36 |
7700 |
|
| 600 |
|
14.3 |
34 |
7660 |
|
| 700 |
|
14.5 |
|
|
|
| 800 |
|
13.4 |
29 |
|
|
| 900 |
|
11.2 |
29 |
|
|
| 1000 |
|
12.5 |
|
|
|
Mechanical properties at 20 °C
| Rolling |
Standard |
Size, mm |
Tension |
Classifiers |
$$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ |
$$\sigma_{P}$$, $$MPa$$ |
$$\epsilon_L$$, % |
$$\psi$$, % |
$$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$, $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ |
Treatment |
|---|
| Trumpet |
GOST 8731-87 |
|
|
|
431 |
225 |
21 |
|
|
|
| Rod |
|
|
|
|
540 |
350 |
25 |
67 |
2700 |
Normalization of 900-920 ° C, and Holidays 630-650 ° C, air |
| Rod |
GOST 4543-71 |
30 |
|
|
440 |
275 |
21 |
55 |
1180 |
Tempering 880 ° C, air Accommodation 650 ° C, air |
Brinell hardness number
| Rolling |
Standard |
Classifiers |
Value, HBW |
| Alloy |
GOST 4543-71 |
annealing |
1790 |
Technological Properties
| Weldability |
Flake Susceptibility |
Propensity to temper brittleness |
|---|
| no limits |
sensitive |
not inclined |
Critical point temperatures
| Ac1, K |
Ac3(Acm), K |
|---|
| 740 |
875 |
Analogues
| Germany |
USA |
|---|
| 1.7262 |
A387Gr.12Cl.2 |
Standards
Description of chemical elements
| Element |
Units of measurement |
Description |
| Fe |
% |
Iron |
| Si |
% |
Silicon |
| Mn |
% |
Manganese |
| Cr |
% |
Chrome |
| Cu |
% |
Copper |
| Ni |
% |
Nickel |
| P |
% |
Phosphorus |
| C |
% |
Carbon |
| S |
% |
Sulfur |
| Mo |
% |
Molybdenum |
Description of physical characteristics
| Parameter |
Units of measurement |
Description |
| $$E\cdot 10^{9}$$ |
$$MPa$$ |
Elastic modulus |
| $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$ |
$$K^{-1}$$ |
Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T) |
| $$\varkappa$$ |
$$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ |
Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material) |
| $$\rho$$ |
$$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ |
The density of the material |
| $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$ |
$$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ |
The specific heat of the material (range 20°C–T) |
Description of mechanical properties
| Parameter |
Units of measurement |
Description |
| $$\sigma _{U}$$ |
$$MPa$$ |
Ultimate tensile strength |
| $$\sigma_{P}$$ |
$$MPa$$ |
Proportionality limit |
| $$\epsilon_L$$ |
% |
Elongation at break (longitudinal) |
| $$\psi$$ |
% |
Reduction in cross section on fracture |
| $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$ |
$$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ |
Impact toughness |
Designation of types of weldability
| Parameter |
Units of measurement |
Description |
| no limits |
|
Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment |
| Boundedly welded |
|
Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment |
| Difficult to weld |
|
For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing |
| Not applicable for welded structures |
|
|
Description of temperatures of critical points
| Parameter |
Units of measurement |
Description |
| Ac1 |
K |
|
| Ac3(Acm) |
K |
|