20X

Bushings, gears, clips, sleeves, discs, pistons, levers and other carburized parts, which are requirements of high surface hardness at a low strength core parts, working in conditions of wear by friction.

Classification

Country Section Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine Structural steel Alloyed structural steel

Chemical composition

Standard Fe, % Si, % Mn, % Cr, % Cu, % Ni, % P, % C, % S, %
GOST 4543-71 96.93–98.46 0.17–0.37 0.5–0.8 0.7–1 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.035 0.17–0.23 < 0.035

Information on suppliers

Physical characteristics

Temperature, °C $$E\cdot 10^{9}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$, $$K^{-1}$$ $$\varkappa$$, $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ $$\rho$$, $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$, $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$
20 216 42 7830
100 213 10.5 42 7810 0.496
200 198 11.6 41 7780 0.508
300 193 12.4 40 0.525
400 181 13.1 38 7710 0.537
500 171 13.6 36 0.567
600 165 14 33 7640 0.588
700 143 32 0.626
800 133 31 0.706

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling Standard Size, mm Tension Classifiers $$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\sigma_{P}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\epsilon_L$$, % $$\psi$$, % $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$, $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ Treatment
Trumpet GOST 8731-87 431 16
Round GOST 4543-71 15 780 635 11 40 590 Hardening and tempering

Brinell hardness number

Rolling Standard Classifiers Value, HBW
Alloy GOST 4543-71 annealing 1790
Alloy GOST 4543-71 cold-work 229
The bar is hot rolled. GOST 10702-78 1630

Technological Properties

Weldability Flake Susceptibility Propensity to temper brittleness
no limits insensitive not inclined

Critical point temperatures

Ac1, K Ac3(Acm), K Ar3(Arcm), K Ar1, K Mn, K
750 825 755 665 390

Analogues

USA Germany
H51200 1.7028 (20CrS4)

Standards

Standard Description
GOST 4543-71

Description of chemical elements

Element Units of measurement Description
Fe % Iron
Si % Silicon
Mn % Manganese
Cr % Chrome
Cu % Copper
Ni % Nickel
P % Phosphorus
C % Carbon
S % Sulfur

Description of physical characteristics

Parameter Units of measurement Description
$$E\cdot 10^{9}$$ $$MPa$$ Elastic modulus
$$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$ $$K^{-1}$$ Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T)
$$\varkappa$$ $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material)
$$\rho$$ $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ The density of the material
$$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$ $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ The specific heat of the material (range 20°C–T)

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter Units of measurement Description
$$\sigma _{U}$$ $$MPa$$ Ultimate tensile strength
$$\sigma_{P}$$ $$MPa$$ Proportionality limit
$$\epsilon_L$$ % Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$$\psi$$ % Reduction in cross section on fracture
$$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$ $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ Impact toughness

Designation of types of weldability

Parameter Units of measurement Description
no limits Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment
Boundedly welded Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment
Difficult to weld For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing
Not applicable for welded structures

Description of temperatures of critical points

Parameter Units of measurement Description
Ac1 K
Ac3(Acm) K
Ar3(Arcm) K
Ar1 K
Mn K