Stainless steel, chromium-nickel, medium carbon, 20Х25Н19С2 (15H25N19S2L)

Austenitic steel

For the manufacture of parts operating at high temperatures in a heavily loaded state: retorts for annealing, parts of furnaces and boxes for cementation.

Classification

Country	Section	Category
Country	Section	Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine	Steels and alloys for castings	Steel for casting with special properties

Chemical composition

Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	Mn, %	Cr, %	Ni, %	P, %	C, %	S, %
Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	Mn, %	Cr, %	Ni, %	P, %	C, %	S, %
GOST 977-88	47.935–56.5	2–3	0.5–1.5	23–27	18–20	< 0.035	< 0.2	< 0.03

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Physical characteristics

Temperature, °C	$E\cdot 10^{9}$ , $MPa$	$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$ , $K^{-1}$	$\varkappa$ , $\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$	$\rho$ , $\frac{kg}{m^3}$
Temperature, °C	$E\cdot 10^{9}$ , $MPa$	$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$ , $K^{-1}$	$\varkappa$ , $\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$	$\rho$ , $\frac{kg}{m^3}$
20	202	15	16	7750

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	Treatment
Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	Treatment
Castings	GOST 977-88	< 100			491	245	25	28	Hardening 1100 ° C

Brinell hardness number

Rolling	Standard	Classifiers	Value, HBW
Rolling	Standard	Classifiers	Value, HBW
Castings	GOST 977-88		220–240

Casting and technological parameters

linear shrinkage, %
linear shrinkage, %
2.2–2.3

Technological Properties

Weldability	Flake Susceptibility	Propensity to temper brittleness
Weldability	Flake Susceptibility	Propensity to temper brittleness
Boundedly welded	not sensitive	not inclined

Heat Treatment Modes

Treatment
Treatment
Hardening 1090 - 1110 ° C, cooling in water, oil or air

Analogues

Germany
Germany
1.4848 (GX40CrNiSi25-20)

Standards

Standard	Description
Standard	Description
GOST 977-88

Description of chemical elements

Element	Units of measurement	Description
Element	Units of measurement	Description
Fe	%	Iron
Si	%	Silicon
Mn	%	Manganese
Cr	%	Chrome
Ni	%	Nickel
P	%	Phosphorus
C	%	Carbon
S	%	Sulfur

Description of physical characteristics

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$E\cdot 10^{9}$	$MPa$	Elastic modulus
$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$	$K^{-1}$	Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T)
$\varkappa$	$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$	Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material)
$\rho$	$\frac{kg}{m^3}$	The density of the material

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$\sigma _{U}$	$MPa$	Ultimate tensile strength
$\sigma_{P}$	$MPa$	Proportionality limit
$\epsilon_L$	%	Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$\psi$	%	Reduction in cross section on fracture

Description of the casting and technological parameters

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
linear shrinkage	%	The difference between model dimensions and the model casting

Designation of types of weldability

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
no limits		Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment
Boundedly welded		Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment
Difficult to weld		For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing
Not applicable for welded structures