E⋅109
MPa
α⋅106
K−1
ρ
kgm3
σU
MPa
σP
MPa
ϵL
ψ
KCU⋅103
Jm2

20HGR

Gears, pinion shafts, worms, cam clutches, rollers, fingers, bushings and other improving or carburized parts operating under impact loads.

Classification

Country	Section	Category
Country	Section	Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine	Structural steel	Alloyed structural steel

Chemical composition

Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	B, %	Mn, %	Cr, %	Ti, %	Cu, %	Ni, %	P, %	C, %	S, %
Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	B, %	Mn, %	Cr, %	Ti, %	Cu, %	Ni, %	P, %	C, %	S, %
GOST 4543-71	96.605–98.199	0.17–0.37	0.001–0.005	0.7–1	0.75–1.05	< 0.06	< 0.3	< 0.3	< 0.035	0.18–0.24	< 0.035

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Physical characteristics

Temperature, °C	$E\cdot 10^{9}$ , $MPa$	$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$ , $K^{-1}$	$\rho$ , $\frac{kg}{m^3}$
Temperature, °C	$E\cdot 10^{9}$ , $MPa$	$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$ , $K^{-1}$	$\rho$ , $\frac{kg}{m^3}$
20	207		7800
100		11.7

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$ , $\frac{J}{m^2}$	Treatment
Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$ , $\frac{J}{m^2}$	Treatment
Rod	GOST 4543-71	15			980	780	9	50	780	Tempering 880 ° C, oil, leave 200 ° C, air

Brinell hardness number

Rolling	Standard	Classifiers	Value, HBW
Rolling	Standard	Classifiers	Value, HBW
Alloy	GOST 4543-71	annealing	197

Technological Properties

Flake Susceptibility	Propensity to temper brittleness
Flake Susceptibility	Propensity to temper brittleness
sensitive	inclined

Critical point temperatures

Ac₁, K	Ac₃(Ac_m), K	Ar₃(Arc_m), K	Ar₁, K
Ac₁, K	Ac₃(Ac_m), K	Ar₃(Arc_m), K	Ar₁, K
735	835	760	670

Standards

Standard	Description
Standard	Description
GOST 4543-71

Description of chemical elements

Element	Units of measurement	Description
Element	Units of measurement	Description
Fe	%	Iron
Si	%	Silicon
B	%	Bor
Mn	%	Manganese
Cr	%	Chrome
Ti	%	Titan
Cu	%	Copper
Ni	%	Nickel
P	%	Phosphorus
C	%	Carbon
S	%	Sulfur

Description of physical characteristics

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$E\cdot 10^{9}$	$MPa$	Elastic modulus
$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$	$K^{-1}$	Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T)
$\rho$	$\frac{kg}{m^3}$	The density of the material

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$\sigma _{U}$	$MPa$	Ultimate tensile strength
$\sigma_{P}$	$MPa$	Proportionality limit
$\epsilon_L$	%	Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$\psi$	%	Reduction in cross section on fracture
$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$	$\frac{J}{m^2}$	Impact toughness

Description of temperatures of critical points

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Ac₁	K
Ac₃(Ac_m)	K
Ar₃(Arc_m)	K
Ar₁	K