25L
bed mills, pulleys, beams, pistons, boxes, cover cylinders, plate flatness, frame roller tables and carts, trough, bearing housings, parts welded-cast structures and other parts operating at temperatures from -40 to 450 ° C under pressure.
bed mills, pulleys, beams, pistons, boxes, cover cylinders, plate flatness, frame roller tables and carts, trough, bearing housings, parts welded-cast structures and other parts operating at temperatures from -40 to 450 ° C under pressure.
Standard | Fe, % | Si, % | Mn, % | P, % | C, % | S, % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standard | Fe, % | Si, % | Mn, % | P, % | C, % | S, % |
GOST 977-88 | 98.16–99.13 | 0.2–0.52 | 0.45–0.9 | < 0.06 | 0.22–0.3 | < 0.06 |
Temperature, °C | \alpha\cdot 10^{6} |
\varkappa |
\rho |
c\cdot 10^{-3} |
---|---|---|---|---|
Temperature, °C | \alpha\cdot 10^{6}, K^{-1} | \varkappa, \frac{W}{m\cdot K} | \rho, \frac{kg}{m^3} | c\cdot 10^{-3}, \frac{J}{kg\cdot K} |
20 | 51 | 7830 | ||
100 | 11.5 | 76 | 0.47 | |
200 | 12.9 | 65 | 0.483 | |
300 | 13 | 44 | ||
400 | 13.2 | 38 | 0.525 | |
500 | 13.5 | |||
600 | 0.571 |
Rolling | Standard | Size, mm | Tension | Classifiers | \sigma _{U} |
\sigma_{P} |
\epsilon_L |
\psi |
KCU\cdot 10^{3} |
Treatment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rolling | Standard | Size, mm | Tension | Classifiers | \sigma _{U}, MPa | \sigma_{P}, MPa | \epsilon_L, % | \psi, % | KCU\cdot 10^{3}, \frac{J}{m^2} | Treatment |
Castings | GOST 977-88 | < 100 | 441 | 235 | 19 | 30 | 392 | Normalization of 880-900 ° C, 610-630 ° C and Holidays | ||
Castings | GOST 977-88 | 491 | 294 | 22 | 33 | 343 | Tempering 870-890 ° C, 610-630 ° C and Holidays |
Standard | Description |
---|---|
Standard | Description |
GOST 977-88 |
Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
---|---|---|
Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
\alpha\cdot 10^{6} |
K^{-1} |
Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T) |
\varkappa |
\frac{W}{m\cdot K} |
Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material) |
\rho |
\frac{kg}{m^3} |
The density of the material |
c\cdot 10^{-3} |
\frac{J}{kg\cdot K} |
The specific heat of the material (range 20°C–T) |
Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
---|---|---|
Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
\sigma _{U} |
MPa |
Ultimate tensile strength |
\sigma_{P} |
MPa |
Proportionality limit |
\epsilon_L |
% | Elongation at break (longitudinal) |
\psi |
% | Reduction in cross section on fracture |
KCU\cdot 10^{3} |
\frac{J}{m^2} |
Impact toughness |
Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
---|---|---|
Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
no limits | Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment | |
Boundedly welded | Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment | |
Difficult to weld | For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing | |
Not applicable for welded structures |