40L
frame, housings, clutch, brakes, gears, housings, plugs, sprockets and other parts operating at temperatures up to 400 ° C.
frame, housings, clutch, brakes, gears, housings, plugs, sprockets and other parts operating at temperatures up to 400 ° C.
| Standard | Fe, % | Si, % | Mn, % | P, % | C, % | S, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | Fe, % | Si, % | Mn, % | P, % | C, % | S, % |
| GOST 977-88 | 98.01–98.98 | 0.2–0.52 | 0.45–0.9 | < 0.06 | 0.37–0.45 | < 0.06 |
| Temperature, °C | $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$, $$K^{-1}$$ | $$\varkappa$$, $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ | $$\rho$$, $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ | $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$, $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature, °C | $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$, $$K^{-1}$$ | $$\varkappa$$, $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ | $$\rho$$, $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ | $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$, $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ |
| 20 | 7810 | |||
| 100 | 12.4 | 60 | 0.47 | |
| 200 | 12.6 | 53 | 0.483 | |
| 400 | 14.5 | 47 | 0.525 | |
| 500 | 41 | |||
| 600 | 14.6 | 0.571 |
| Rolling | Standard | Size, mm | Tension | Classifiers | $$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\sigma_{P}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\epsilon_L$$, % | $$\psi$$, % | $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$, $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rolling | Standard | Size, mm | Tension | Classifiers | $$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\sigma_{P}$$, $$MPa$$ | $$\epsilon_L$$, % | $$\psi$$, % | $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$, $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ | Treatment |
| Castings | GOST 977-88 | < 100 | 520 | 294 | 14 | 25 | 294 | Normalization of 860-880 ° C, 600-630 ° C and Holidays | ||
| Castings | GOST 977-88 | 540 | 343 | 14 | 20 | 294 | Tempering 860-880 ° C, 600-630 ° C and Holidays |
| USA |
|---|
| USA |
| J04002 |
| Standard | Description |
|---|---|
| Standard | Description |
| GOST 977-88 |
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
| $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$ | $$K^{-1}$$ | Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T) |
| $$\varkappa$$ | $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ | Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material) |
| $$\rho$$ | $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ | The density of the material |
| $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$ | $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ | The specific heat of the material (range 20°C–T) |
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
| $$\sigma _{U}$$ | $$MPa$$ | Ultimate tensile strength |
| $$\sigma_{P}$$ | $$MPa$$ | Proportionality limit |
| $$\epsilon_L$$ | % | Elongation at break (longitudinal) |
| $$\psi$$ | % | Reduction in cross section on fracture |
| $$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$$ | $$\frac{J}{m^2}$$ | Impact toughness |
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Units of measurement | Description |
| no limits | Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment | |
| Boundedly welded | Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment | |
| Difficult to weld | For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing | |
| Not applicable for welded structures |