VSt4ps (St4ps)

welded, riveted and bolted construction increased strength in the form of long, shaped and sheet metal, as well as for lightly loaded parts such as shafts, axles, hubs, and others.

Classification

Country	Section	Category
Country	Section	Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine	Structural steel	Carbonaceous structural steel of ordinary quality

Chemical composition

Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	Mn, %	Cr, %	Cu, %	Ni, %	As, %	P, %	C, %	S, %
Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	Mn, %	Cr, %	Cu, %	Ni, %	As, %	P, %	C, %	S, %
GOST 380-2005	97.79–99.37	0.05–0.17	0.4–0.7	< 0.3	< 0.3	< 0.3	< 0.08	< 0.04	0.18–0.27	< 0.05

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Physical characteristics

Temperature, °C	$E\cdot 10^{9}$ , $MPa$	$\rho$ , $\frac{kg}{m^3}$
Temperature, °C	$E\cdot 10^{9}$ , $MPa$	$\rho$ , $\frac{kg}{m^3}$
20	196	7850
100	183
200	174
300	167
400	158

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$ , $\frac{J}{m^2}$	Treatment
Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$ , $\frac{J}{m^2}$	Treatment
Alloy					390	240	33	70	1080
Steel is hot rolled.		< 20			410–530	265	24			delivery condition
Steel is hot rolled.		20–40			410–530	255	23			delivery condition
Steel is hot rolled.		40–100			410–530	245	21			delivery condition

Technological Properties

Weldability	Flake Susceptibility	Propensity to temper brittleness
Weldability	Flake Susceptibility	Propensity to temper brittleness
Boundedly welded	not sensitive	not inclined

Critical point temperatures

Ac₁, K	Ac₃(Ac_m), K	Ar₃(Arc_m), K	Ar₁, K
Ac₁, K	Ac₃(Ac_m), K	Ar₃(Arc_m), K	Ar₁, K
735	840	825	680

Analogues

Germany	USA
Germany	USA
USt42-2	1020

Standards

Standard	Description
Standard	Description
GOST 380-2005

Description of chemical elements

Element	Units of measurement	Description
Element	Units of measurement	Description
Fe	%	Iron
Si	%	Silicon
Mn	%	Manganese
Cr	%	Chrome
Cu	%	Copper
Ni	%	Nickel
As	%	Arsenic
P	%	Phosphorus
C	%	Carbon
S	%	Sulfur

Description of physical characteristics

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$E\cdot 10^{9}$	$MPa$	Elastic modulus
$\rho$	$\frac{kg}{m^3}$	The density of the material

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$\sigma _{U}$	$MPa$	Ultimate tensile strength
$\sigma_{P}$	$MPa$	Proportionality limit
$\epsilon_L$	%	Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$\psi$	%	Reduction in cross section on fracture
$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$	$\frac{J}{m^2}$	Impact toughness

Designation of types of weldability

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
no limits		Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment
Boundedly welded		Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment
Difficult to weld		For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing
Not applicable for welded structures

Description of temperatures of critical points

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Ac₁	K
Ac₃(Ac_m)	K
Ar₃(Arc_m)	K
Ar₁	K