12H18N9 (Х18Н9)

cold-rolled sheet and strip for increased strength of various parts and structures to be welded by spot welding, as well as for the manufacture of pipes and other parts; austenitic steel

Classification

Country Section Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine Corrosion-resistant alloys and steels Corrosion-resistant heat-resistant steel

Chemical composition

Standard Fe, % Si, % Mn, % Cr, % Ni, % P, % C, % S, %
GOST 5632-72 68.025–75 < 0.8 < 2 17–19 8–10 < 0.035 < 0.12 < 0.02

Information on suppliers

Physical characteristics

Temperature, °C $$E\cdot 10^{9}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$, $$K^{-1}$$ $$\varkappa$$, $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ $$\rho$$, $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ $$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$, $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ $$R\cdot 10^{-6}$$, $$\Omega\cdot m$$
20 205 15 7900 0.725
100 202 16.6 16.3 7860 0.504 0.792
200 197 17 17.5 7820 0.86
300 190 17.2 18.8 7780 0.92
400 181 17.5 21.3 7740 0.976
500 173 17.9 23 7690 1.028
600 160 18.2 26.8 7650 1.07
700 150 18.6 25.9 7600 1.117
800 18.9 7560
900 19.3

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling Standard Size, mm Tension Classifiers $$\sigma _{U}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\sigma_{P}$$, $$MPa$$ $$\epsilon_L$$, % $$\psi$$, % Treatment
Pipes are hot deformed. GOST 9940-81 529 40
Pipes are coldly deformed. GOST 9941-81 549 37
Bar of specified strength GOST 18907-73 640–880 20
Rod GOST 5949-75 60 490 196 45 55 Hardening of 1050-1100 ° C, air cooling
The bar is hardened. GOST 18907-73 880–930
Forgings GOST 25054-81 490 196 35–40 40–48
The plates GOST 7350-77 530 215 38 Hardening of 1050-1120 ° C, cooling water
Sheet GOST 5582-75 540 195 38 Hardening of 1050-1080 ° C, cooling water
The sheet is thin and hardened. GOST 5582-75 930–1230 13
The sheet is thin and hardened. GOST 4986-79 980 3–5

Brinell hardness number

Rolling Standard Classifiers Value, HBW
Forgings GOST 25054-81 1790

Technological Properties

Weldability
no limits

Analogues

USA Germany
S30200 1.43 (X12CrNi188)

Standards

Standard Description
GOST 5632-72

Description of chemical elements

Element Units of measurement Description
Fe % Iron
Si % Silicon
Mn % Manganese
Cr % Chrome
Ni % Nickel
P % Phosphorus
C % Carbon
S % Sulfur

Description of physical characteristics

Parameter Units of measurement Description
$$E\cdot 10^{9}$$ $$MPa$$ Elastic modulus
$$\alpha\cdot 10^{6}$$ $$K^{-1}$$ Coefficient of thermal (linear) expansion (range 20°C–T)
$$\varkappa$$ $$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$$ Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material)
$$\rho$$ $$\frac{kg}{m^3}$$ The density of the material
$$c\cdot 10^{-3}$$ $$\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$$ The specific heat of the material (range 20°C–T)
$$R\cdot 10^{-6}$$ $$\Omega\cdot m$$ Electrical resistivity

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter Units of measurement Description
$$\sigma _{U}$$ $$MPa$$ Ultimate tensile strength
$$\sigma_{P}$$ $$MPa$$ Proportionality limit
$$\epsilon_L$$ % Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$$\psi$$ % Reduction in cross section on fracture

Designation of types of weldability

Parameter Units of measurement Description
no limits Welding is performed without heating and without subsequent heat treatment
Boundedly welded Welding is possible with heating up to 100–120 °C and subsequent heat treatment
Difficult to weld For obtaining quality welded joints, additional operations are required: heating up to 200–300 °C for welding, heat treatment after welding — annealing
Not applicable for welded structures