20HMFBR

fasteners for use at temperatures up to 580 degrees.

Classification

Country	Section	Category
Country	Section	Category
CIS, Russia, Ukraine	Heat resistant steels and alloys	Heat-resistant relaxation-resistant steel

Chemical composition

Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	B, %	Mn, %	Cr, %	Cu, %	Ni, %	V, %	P, %	C, %	S, %	Nb, %	Mo, %
Standard	Fe, %	Si, %	B, %	Mn, %	Cr, %	Cu, %	Ni, %	V, %	P, %	C, %	S, %	Nb, %	Mo, %
TU 14-1-552-72	94.105–96.83	< 0.37	< 0.005	0.5–0.8	1–1.5	< 0.2	< 0.45	0.7–1	< 0.03	0.17–0.26	< 0.03	< 0.15	0.8–1.1

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Physical characteristics

Temperature, °C	$E\cdot 10^{9}$ , $MPa$	$\varkappa$ , $\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$	$\rho$ , $\frac{kg}{m^3}$
Temperature, °C	$E\cdot 10^{9}$ , $MPa$	$\varkappa$ , $\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$	$\rho$ , $\frac{kg}{m^3}$
20	217		7900
100	211	41
200	205	46.1
300	196	48.2
400	188	50.2
500	180	52.8
600	167	54.4
700	152	56.1

Mechanical properties at 20 °C

Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$ , $\frac{J}{m^2}$	Treatment
Rolling	Standard	Size, mm	Tension	Classifiers	$\sigma _{U}$ , $MPa$	$\sigma_{P}$ , $MPa$	$\epsilon_L$ , %	$\psi$ , %	$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$ , $\frac{J}{m^2}$	Treatment
Alloy					1076	958	13.3	46.6	150	Normalization of 1100 ° C, and Holidays 650 ° C, 6 h
Rod			Longitudinal		900		15	55	400	Normalization of 1100 ° C, and Holidays 730 ° C, 5 hours

Critical point temperatures

Ac₁, K	Ac₃(Ac_m), K	Ar₃(Arc_m), K	Ar₁, K
Ac₁, K	Ac₃(Ac_m), K	Ar₃(Arc_m), K	Ar₁, K
810	950	800	690

Standards

Standard	Description
Standard	Description
TU 14-1-552-72

Description of chemical elements

Element	Units of measurement	Description
Element	Units of measurement	Description
Fe	%	Iron
Si	%	Silicon
B	%	Bor
Mn	%	Manganese
Cr	%	Chrome
Cu	%	Copper
Ni	%	Nickel
V	%	Vanadium
P	%	Phosphorus
C	%	Carbon
S	%	Sulfur
Nb	%	Niobium
Mo	%	Molybdenum

Description of physical characteristics

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$E\cdot 10^{9}$	$MPa$	Elastic modulus
$\varkappa$	$\frac{W}{m\cdot K}$	Coefficient of thermal conductivity (the heat capacity of the material)
$\rho$	$\frac{kg}{m^3}$	The density of the material

Description of mechanical properties

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
$\sigma _{U}$	$MPa$	Ultimate tensile strength
$\sigma_{P}$	$MPa$	Proportionality limit
$\epsilon_L$	%	Elongation at break (longitudinal)
$\psi$	%	Reduction in cross section on fracture
$KCU\cdot 10^{3}$	$\frac{J}{m^2}$	Impact toughness

Description of temperatures of critical points

Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Parameter	Units of measurement	Description
Ac₁	K
Ac₃(Ac_m)	K
Ar₃(Arc_m)	K
Ar₁	K